Indonesia Manning Coffee Flavor description, Grinding degree, Taste treatment methods, characteristics of Manor

Indonesia has a long reputation for producing a lot of admirable coffee. On the whole, Indonesian coffee has a strong flavor, mellow taste, slightly syrup flavor, and excellent acidity, the most famous is Toraga, or Tonaga, Toraja.

Toraja coffee comes from Tana Toraja in the Tanatolaga region of SouthSulawesi, South Sulawesi Province, named after the local population, the Toraga. Tana Toraja is located about 300km north of Makassar, the provincial capital of Wangkasek, and is a famous tourist destination in Indonesia.

At first, the coffee industry in Sulawesi mainly supplied the Japanese market, and Japanese businessmen established the original coffee industry on the island of Sulawesi.

In 1696, the governor of the Netherlands in Malabar, India, gave a batch of coffee seedlings to the governor of batavia in Batavia (present-day Jarkata in Jakarta). This was the first time that coffee was grown in Indonesia. However, the first batch of coffee seedlings were washed away by the flood. In 1699, Batavia accepted the gift again. This time, the coffee seedlings survived successfully and ushered in the first harvest in 1701, which began the coffee trip to Indonesia.

At first, coffee was grown in and around Jakarta, and then gradually expanded to central and eastern Java, as well as Sulawesi, Sumatra and Bali. At the same time, in eastern Indonesia, coffee was also grown in Flores on the island of Flores and Timor on the island of Timor in the Portuguese territory at that time, but the source of the coffee seedlings was different.

Indonesian coffee began to supply the European market in 1711, when Indonesia was the first country outside Africa and Arabia to grow coffee on a large scale. It became the world's largest exporter of coffee in the 1880s. The fame of Java coffee began here.

The prosperity of coffee in Indonesia was not sustainable, coffee production was fatally hit at the end of the 18th century, and leaf rust, originally found in West Java, spread rapidly, destroying the Arabica coffee estate in Indonesia. The leading position of the coffee trade was replaced by the American producing countries. However, it is worth mentioning that the leaf rust disaster did not affect the eastern Indonesian producing areas, namely Flores Island and Timor, where the genes of some coffee trees in Timor today can be traced back to the 16th and 17th centuries.

According to ICO, Indonesia ranked third in coffee production in the world in 2013, although 80% of it was Robusta.