The History of Coffee trees what are the environmental requirements for planting coffee trees

In fact, the Arabs began to grow coffee in 525 BC, and chewing fried coffee beans became popular in the Arab region. In 890 AD, Arab merchants sold coffee beans to Yemen, and Yemenis made coffee beans into drinks for the first time. In the 15th century, coffee was introduced into Europe, Asia and soon into America. By the 18th century, coffee was widely grown in tropical and subtropical regions of the world and became one of the three major drinks in the world. Coffee ranks first among the top three beverages in annual sales, three times as much as cocoa and four times as much as tea. Although coffee has been cultivated in the world for more than 2000 years. However, coffee has been cultivated in China for only a few hundred years. In 1884, Taiwan Province began to introduce coffee. At the beginning of the 20th century, overseas Chinese brought coffee back from Malaysia to grow in Hainan Province. Later, tropical and subtropical provinces in the south began to grow plant coffee one after another. Although the cultivation time is short, the coffee from Hainan and Yunnan provinces in China has excellent quality and unique charm, so it enjoys a high reputation in the world. After some foreign businessmen buy it at a low price, it is processed and sold to the international market. It has become an expensive world-class drink, especially the small-grain coffee grown in Yunnan Province. Because of the large temperature difference between day and night in Yunnan, it is conducive to the accumulation of substances in it. So it tastes strong but not bitter, fragrant but not strong, oily and fruity, so it is praised as "the best quality coffee in the world" by coffee merchants at home and abroad.

Requirements for the environment

The origin of the coffee tree is Ethiopia in Africa. In botany, coffee trees belong to the evergreen trees of the subgenus Rubiaceae, and coffee beans, commonly known as coffee beans, are actually the seeds of the fruit of coffee trees. They are called coffee beans only because they are shaped like beans. Climate is the decisive factor for coffee cultivation. Coffee trees are only suitable for growing in the tropics or subtropics, so the zone between latitude 25 degrees south and north is generally called coffee belt or coffee area. However, not all the land located in this area can produce good coffee trees.

The ideal planting conditions for coffee trees are as follows: the temperature is between 1500mm and 25mm, and the annual rainfall must reach 1500mm to 2000mm, and the rainfall time should be in line with the flowering cycle of coffee trees. Of course, in addition to the seasonal rainfall, there should also be fertile soil and good drainage. Fertile soil containing volcanic ash, in addition, although sunlight is an indispensable element for the growth and fruit of coffee, too strong sunlight will inhibit the growth of coffee trees, so various producing areas usually cooperate with the planting of some shade trees. The ideal altitude is 500 to 2000 meters above sea level.

It can be seen that the conditions for cultivating high-quality coffee are very strict: sunlight, rainfall, soil, air temperature, as well as the way coffee beans are harvested and the process of making coffee beans will affect the quality of coffee itself.