Introduction to the coffee flavor of Papua New Guinea Paradise Bird Manor with plump grains and light acidity.

Papua New Guinea is the second largest country in the South Pacific after Australia in population and area. It consists of New Guinea in the north and Papua in the south. It borders the province of Irian Jaya in Indonesia to the west and faces Australia across the Torres Strait to the south. It belongs to Melanesia.

Papua New Guinea covers an area of 462840 square kilometres, with a total coastline of 8300 kilometres and a water area of 2.4 million square kilometres, including the 200-nautical-mile exclusive economic zone (2013). There are more than 600 islands in the territory. The islands are mountainous, with many volcanoes and frequent earthquakes. Including the eastern part of New Guinea (Irian), New England, New Ireland, Manas, Bougainville, Buka and so on. [3]

Topography

The southern part of Papua New Guinea is composed of plains and lowlands, the central part is the central mountain system, and the northern mountain is parallel to the mountain system, consisting of several separate mountains. [3]

Climate

Except for the mountain climate above 1000 meters above sea level, Papua New Guinea has a tropical rain forest climate in the other lower elevations. The dry season is from May to October and the rainy season is from November to April. The average temperature in the coastal area is 21.1-32.2 ℃, and the mountain area is 5-6 ℃ lower than that in the coastal area. The average annual precipitation is 2500 mm. The highlands of New Guinea have long been settled. [3]

Resources

It is rich in mineral deposits, with copper reserves of 12 million tons, gold reserves of 1756 tons and copper-gold symbiotic reserves of about 400 million tons, ranking 11th and 13th in the world respectively. In addition, there are rich gold, chromium, nickel, bauxite, undersea natural gas and oil and other resources.

The reserves of the two major oilfields, Kutubu and Gobi, amount to 400 million barrels. The reserves of oil fields in South Highland Province are 17 million barrels. Natural gas reserves are 7 trillion cubic feet, with estimated reserves of 15 trillion cubic feet.

It is rich in forest resources. The tropical virgin forest covers an area of 36 million hectares, accounting for 77% of the total land area. The total forest storage is about 2.9 billion cubic meters, and the recoverable storage volume is 500 million cubic meters.

The coffee industry plays an important role in the country's economy. More than 1 million people are directly and indirectly engaged in the industry. The government encourages planting by offering a minimum purchase price. The industry itself is controlled by the Coffee Industry Council (Coffee Industry Board). The commission is located in Goroka, in the eastern part of the island, while exports are handled by private companies.

The frost in 1975 destroyed most coffee crops in Brazil, but stimulated the development of coffee in Papua New Guinea. The Government has implemented a scheme to finance the creation of about 20 hectares of coffee plantations in rural or collective land ownership. This measure has indeed increased the penetration of coffee in the local economy, with annual production reaching 1 million bags by 1990.

However, it is almost inevitable that the surge in production leads to a decline in quality. Before 1991, the quality of coffee was good, and most of it belonged to open Y and so on. After 1991, the quality gradually declined, and with it the European market was lost. The extra price of coffee such as Y also gradually fell. This is related to the country's policy of "one grade, one price". This policy is not feasible for an industry as volatile as coffee. As a result, poor quality coffee beans damaged the image of high quality standards such as Y coffee, resulting in a backlog.

The government's response is to establish a new level of quality, temporarily suspend the production of coffee such as Y, and no longer implement the policy of "one grade, one price". This allows buyers to price according to quality, which is bound to have an impact on the income of farmers who produce shoddy coffee beans. By 1993, the quality problem had been basically solved. Most regular customers are buying coffee from Papua New Guinea again. Coffee such as Y is now sold at a slightly lower extra price, which indicates that its quality has improved.