Coffee Technology
Latest articles, industry insights and brewing guides
Coffee Fruit Anatomy and Honey Process Levels Explained
Learn the 5 layers of the coffee cherry and how honey processing grades affect flavor. Includes color-based classification and dry versus wet ratios.
The Western Consensus on Ideal Espresso Extraction
Learn the widely accepted 30cc/30sec espresso standard used in Europe and the U.S., and how to adjust for yield, time, and roast profiles.
How Milk Foam Affects Latte Art in Espresso
Learn how milk temperature, fat content, and foam volume impact latte art quality with seven key factors every barista should know.
26 Classic Espresso-Based Coffee Drinks Explained
Discover the ingredients, origins, and serving styles of 26 global espresso-based coffee drinks, from Irish Coffee to Cafe Cointreau.
How Coffee Roasters Work: Mechanical Principles Explained
Learn how coffee roasting machines balance heat sources, airflow, and drum design to develop flavor—straight from a specialty roaster’s workshop.
What Is Agtron? Coffee Roast Level Measurement Explained
Learn how Agtron numbers define coffee roast levels—from light to dark—and what each range means for flavor. A guide for specialty coffee pros and home roasters.
What Is Lungo Coffee? Espresso-Based Drink Explained
Lungo is a long espresso shot made with more water, typically a 1:5 brew ratio. Unlike Americano, it’s not diluted—just extended extraction.
What Cupping Reveals About Specialty Coffee
Cupping lets you compare coffees fairly under controlled conditions, revealing subtle flavors hidden by brewing methods. Here’s how it works.
Al’s Rule: The Espresso Extraction Sweet Spot Formula
Learn how to adjust espresso shot time based on volume using Al Critzer’s proven formula: +5cc = -1 sec, -5cc = +1 sec.
Why Use a Tamper for Espresso Extraction
Using a tamper ensures even coffee density in the portafilter, improving extraction and avoiding channeling. Here’s how pressure and packing matter.
How to Use a Smart Coffee Cup the Right Way
Learn how to brew with a smart cup in 90 seconds using 1:15–20 coffee-to-water ratio, 80–90°C water, and a medium-coarse grind.
Brazil Natural and Semi-Washed Coffee Roasting Methods
Learn how to roast Brazilian natural and semi-washed coffee beans for best results, with recommended roast levels for each processing method.
Moka Pot Types and How to Use Them Properly
Discover the different types of Bialetti moka pots, how they work, brewing steps, and care tips for making authentic stovetop espresso.
What Are the Different Types of Espresso Coffee?
Learn how many espresso styles exist and how each varies in strength, volume, and flavor—from classic single shots to creamy cortados.
How to Make Decaf Coffee Without Losing Flavor
Learn how to remove caffeine while preserving coffee’s flavor—using safe methods like supercritical CO₂ extraction and choosing low-caffeine beans.
Eight Country Coffee Traditions Every Coffee Lover Should Know
Discover how Italians, Turks, French, and others drink coffee differently—from standing espressos to whiskey-laced Irish brews.
How Espresso Pre-Infusion Works: Methods & Principles
Learn how espresso pre-infusion works, the different methods used in machines, and why it affects extraction quality.
How Roast Level Affects Coffee Flavor
Learn how light, medium, and dark roasts shape coffee’s flavor, sweetness, and bitterness—and why medium roast often hits the sweet spot.
The Origins and Evolution of Latte Art in Espresso
Learn how latte art began as a high-difficulty coffee show stunt, evolved into a key skill for flavor and presentation, and became essential in barista competitions worldwide.
How to Brew Espresso with Tiger Stripe Crema
Learn the espresso blend ratios, roast levels, grind settings, and water temps needed for classic 'tiger stripe' crema and a balanced shot.