Coffee varieties quality large seed-coffee classification varieties and characteristics

The advantages and disadvantages of Coffee varieties-Coffee varieties and their characteristics

The young tree period refers to the period from planting to putting into production, about 2-3 years. The main feature of this period is exuberant vegetative growth, which can draw 6-8 pairs of branches every year, centering on the growth of roots, stems and leaves, and the aboveground and underground parts expand rapidly to form an ideal plant structure in preparation for production.

The first production period refers to the period from the beginning of production to the advent of high production, during which coffee begins to enter reproductive growth, coffee trees grow vigorously, and there is a great demand for nutrients.

Coffee trees generally blossom in 3-4 years, about 2-3 months a year. The appearance and smell of coffee trees are similar to those of jasmine flowers. After the flowers bloom, they bear small green fruits, which ripen and turn red into ripe fruits that can be picked after a few months.

The skin of ripe fruit is red. Because its shape and color are similar to cherries, ripe coffee fruit is called coffe cherry in many places. Under the bright red pericarp, the peel, pulp and a sweet sticky yellow substance wrap the coffee beans.

The main varieties are Esselsa (also called Charley), which was introduced from Guangxi to Hainan in the 1970s. The fruit is vigorous, but the seed coat is thick and hard like a small seed, the ratio of fresh to dry is 5: 8, and the quality is strong and slightly bitter. Deep roots, strong drought and cold tolerance, resistance to leaf rust and longicorn beetles

Also known as Arabian species, native to Ethiopia, evergreen shrubs. The plant is small, 4-5 meters high, the branches are slender, and the branches are corked earlier. The leaf is small and pointed, long oval, harder than the middle seed, and the ripple on the leaf margin is fine and obvious. The fruit is smaller, the ratio of fresh fruit to dried bean is 4.5 to 5, the exocarp of the seed is thick and tough, the seed coat is thick, and it is easy to separate from the kernel. The seeds are smaller, about 1700 to 2600 per jin of coffee beans, and the number of fruit per node is less, about 1215, but the number of branches is more, so under the condition of good management, the yield is not lower than that of medium seeds. Coffee powder tastes mellow and has good drinking quality. The plant is wind-resistant, drought-resistant and cold-resistant, but rarely infected with rust, high yield, strong flavor and strong irritation. Among them, the famous varieties are Romasta, Quilong, Uganda, Indonesian clones BP38, BP42, East Java high-yielding species Bgn300, Bgn124 and so on.