Coffee Technology
Latest articles, industry insights and brewing guides
How to Steam Milk for Perfect Latte Art
Learn how to steam milk to 55–65°C with the right texture—smooth, velvety microfoam—for latte art and a balanced cappuccino.
Al’s Rule: The Espresso Sweet Spot Formula
Learn Al Critzer’s proven espresso formula: for every 5cc change in shot volume, adjust time by 1 second to hit your ideal extraction.
Coffee Benefits and Risks: What Science Says
Learn the proven benefits and risks of coffee, including caffeine’s effects on energy, digestion, and bone health based on research.
The Three Waves of Coffee: From Instant to Specialty
Learn how coffee evolved through three global movements—from mass-market instant to artisanal craft and beyond—in this deep dive into modern coffee culture.
What Sugar Is Best for Different Types of Coffee?
From espresso to milk coffee, discover which sugars—white, brown, raw, or honey—best complement your brew without overpowering flavor.
How the International Coffee Organization Was Founded
Learn how the ICO formed in 1962 to stabilize global coffee trade, support producers, and balance supply and demand across 37 member nations.
The Pope, Coffee, and the Legend That Changed Europe
Learn how Pope Clement VIII helped make coffee acceptable in Christian Europe by blessing the 'devil’s drink' in the early 1600s.
Why Italian Coffee Is So Popular Worldwide
Discover why Italian coffee captivates global coffee lovers with its bold flavors, traditional brewing, and versatile pairing options.
13 Scientific Ways Coffee Benefits Your Body
Science confirms coffee boosts brainpower, burns fat, and lowers disease risk. Here’s how your daily cup supports long-term health.
From Plant to Cup: How Coffee Beans Are Grown and Processed
Learn how coffee beans grow, are harvested, and processed through methods like washed, natural, and honey. Essential for coffee beginners.
How to Know When to Stop Roasting Coffee Beans
Learn the key signs — color, time, temperature, and smoke — that tell a roaster when to stop roasting for ideal flavor development.
The Father of Coffee Trees: How Martinique Sparked Global Growth
Discover how a single coffee tree smuggled to Martinique in 1723 launched the Americas’ coffee industry, spreading to 19 million trees by 1777.
The History of Coffee in Taiwan: From 1884 to Today
Explore how coffee came to Taiwan in 1884, flourished under Japanese rule, declined after WWII, and revived through modern café culture.
How to Become a Professional Barista: Key Coffee Knowledge
Learn essential coffee knowledge and skills to become a professional barista, covering beans, brewing methods, and classic drinks.
How Roast Time Affects Coffee Flavor Profiles
Coffee roast duration dictates flavor: 7-minute light, 9–11 medium, 12–13 dark, and 14-minute espresso. Learn how time shapes acidity, bitterness, and aroma.
What Determines the Quality of Espresso? Barista Skill
The biggest factor in great espresso isn’t the machine—it’s the barista. Fresh beans, proper equipment, and skilled technique matter most.
How Coffee Caffeine Is Graded and Labeled in Taiwan
Learn how Taiwan grades coffee caffeine levels with red, yellow, and green labels, and the daily 300mg safety limit set by health authorities.
How to Cup Coffee Like a Professional Taster
Learn the 10-step professional coffee cupping method used by roasters to evaluate aroma, flavor, and body. Includes water temp, grind, and tasting steps.
How to Make Beautiful Latte Art: Beginner Tips
Learn how to pour latte art with clear steps: start with espresso, steam milk, and use a steady hand to create classic patterns like hearts and leaves.
How to Bloom and Pre-Wet Coffee Before Brewing
Learn the proper steps for blooming pour-over coffee and pre-wetting espresso puck to improve extraction and flavor clarity.