Coffee Technology
Latest articles, industry insights and brewing guides
Moka Pot, Siphon & Drip Coffee: What Grind Size to Use?
Find the right coffee grind size for moka pots, siphons, American drip machines and espresso makers. Exact settings for each brewing method.
Espresso Grind Size and How to Use an Italian Coffee Maker
Learn the right espresso grind size and how different brewing methods require specific grind levels for optimal flavor. Includes a grind size chart.
Fresh Coffee Beans vs Instant Coffee Powder: Flavor Differences
Instant coffee lacks the freshness and complexity of brewed coffee from beans. Learn how grinding and storage affect your cup’s flavor.
Four Proven Ways to Keep Coffee Beans Fresh Longer
Store coffee in cool, dry places—avoid the fridge. Frozen beans last longer if sealed well. Whole beans stay fresh two weeks post-roast.
How Coffee Roast Degree and Process Affect Bean Flavor
Roasting temperature, duration, and technique shape coffee’s aroma, color, and health compounds. Find out how roast level impacts flavor and bean quality.
Chemical Changes and Color Shifts During Coffee Roasting
Learn how coffee beans change chemically and visually during roasting, including key aromas, temperatures, and stages from green to dark roast.
Is Coffee Acidic or Alkaline? Why Does It Taste Sour?
Coffee is naturally acidic, and its pH and flavor depend on roast level, brewing temp, and bean origin. Here’s how to understand and manage sourness.
How to Brew a Perfect 100-Point Pour-Over Coffee
Learn the exact steps, temperatures, and techniques for brewing a perfect 100-point pour-over coffee with professional insight from a WBC judge.
Costa Coffee vs Starbucks: Roast, Blend & Business Model
Learn how Costa’s 6:1 Arabica-Robusta blend, 22-minute slow roast, and European positioning differ from Starbucks’ US-style coffee chain model.
The Story Behind Turandot Music Coffee and Its Brand Legacy
Explore the origins of Turandot music coffee in Italy, its connection to opera legend Puccini, and how it became a global brand.
What Coffee Equipment Do You Need to Open a Café?
Starting a coffee shop? Here’s a full list of essential café equipment—from espresso machines to licenses—compiled for aspiring café owners.
China's Official Barista Certification Levels and Requirements
Learn China’s national barista certification system with four grades, training hours, skill tests, and exam rules for aspiring professionals.
Arabica vs Robusta: Flavor, Growing & Caffeine Differences
Learn how Arabica and Robusta coffee beans differ in flavor, growing conditions, caffeine levels, and uses — with key numbers and processing details.
Top 10 Global Coffee Chains by Size and Business Model
Discover the 10 biggest global coffee chains ranked by store count, business model, and market presence, including cost context for opening a franchise.
How Foreign Coffee Shops Operate Around the World
Discover how foreign cafés differ from domestic ones—from opening hours to social roles—plus key facts on global chains and daily routines.
Why Finland Is the World’s Top Coffee-Loving Nation
Finns drink more coffee per capita than any other nation—here’s the history, culture, and coffee habits behind the world’s top coffee consumers.
How to Steam Milk and Pour Latte Art: A Step-by-Step Guide
Master milk frothing and latte art basics with key tips on foam texture, pouring angles, and practice methods to improve your technique.
How to Steam Milk and Control Foam for Latte Art
Learn how to steam milk to the right temperature, create fine microfoam, and control texture for clean latte art. Includes key techniques and common mistakes.
How to Install the Philips INTENZA+ Water Filter in Your Coffee Machine
Learn how to properly install the INTENZA+ water filter in your Philips coffee machine to improve water quality and protect your espresso equipment.
How to Adjust and Clean a Hand Coffee Grinder
Learn how to adjust grind size on a hand grinder, clean it properly, and understand its key differences from electric grinders.